Apparatus for signaling and recording the course steered by vessels



.R. S; ONEIL.

APPARATUS 'FOR SIGNALING AND RECORDING THE COURSE STEERED BY VESSELS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8| I915.

Patented Feb. 17,1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I- R. s ONEIL.

APPARATUS FOR SIGNALING AND RECORDING THE COURSE STEERED BY VESSELS.

APPLLCATION FILED JUNE 8. 1915.

1 ,330,898. Pafented Feb. 17, 1920.

4 SHEETSSHEET 2- R. S. ONEIL. APPARATUS FOR SIGNALING AND RECORDING- THE COURSE STEERED BY VESSELS. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8.1915.

1,330,898. Patented Feb. 17,1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

ms. ONEIL. APPARATUS FOR SlGNALlNG AND RECORDING THE COURSE-STEERED'BY VESSELSi APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8, L915. I I 1,330,898. Patented Feb. 17,1920. I

4 SHEETS-SHEET lllik UNITED STATES PATENT curios.

.iiRQDOLPI-I STUART ,GNEIL, 05F .IJONDDN, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS EQR SIGNAI JING A'ND RECORDING- CO-URSE STEERED 'Bt'Y VESSEL S.

Sp o of t rs Harem. Patented Feb. 17, 1920.

Application filed June 8; 1 915. SeriaI'No. 32,976.

course steered by a vessel, and has reference to apparatus wherein the operation of the steering mechanisnr is utilized to, automaticallly signal the course being steered. The only prior propositions of actor with which I am acquainted consisted oi signaling arrangements coupled .tothe :teer1ng wheel or steering .mechani'sn'r by means of links or chains and ropes. The vital distinction between these prior arrangements and my invention is that it is an essential characteristic of my invention that the operation of the semaphores and recording stylus is controlled directly from the rudder post.

Owing to backlash in the; steering mechanism and other possible causes the steering wheel is often out of; correct register with the rudder and the position of the steering wheel is no indication of the true position 01 the rudder. How important this is will be readily appreciated when it is remem-f bered that it is possible for steering gears to become temporarily disorganized and many collisions have doubtless occurred reason of a behnsman signaling by gongs his intention to steer in one direction and owing to a defect in the steering gear failing to do so. 7 In my apparatus failures upon the part of the steering apparatus or the helmsman are quite immaterial since what is signaled and recorded in my case is theimovement oi the rudder however that movement is causedl A further feature of my invention co I in :pro 'idlng means fog automatically 5 b ra ling th rudder posi-tmns in the Wheel house bridge or other positions well as at the masthead so that failures of the helmsman or the steering gear will ;be at,

once detectedand {the osi-tion of the rudden,

whether the intendec position or not, will be at once apparent, .Another feature conhes gnals,

SIStSlIl providinggmeanswhe @193 V will be equally'efi'ectlvc both by day and by this chai night. In the case of the mast head sema phores this maybe conveniently effected by providing semaphore armswith devices by which they become illuminated in their display position and it should be here noted that no broad claim is made by meto semaphores of this character since it is within my knowledge that such devices have been provided in hand operated signaling systems. In the case of the wheel house the various indications may be effected in the day time by means ofelectrically controlled disks and at night by electric lamps. Here again it should be noted that automatically signaling rudder movements by means of lamps is not new. 1961" setand is only claimed by me in combination with the other essential characteristics .ofmy invention and as part of my general signaling system. A still zfiurther feature of my invention which should be specifically mentioned is the 'recording apparatus associated directly with the rudder movement which will give a graphic record of the rudder movements and as a consequence a record of the exact course steered by the vessel. This recording mechanism isalso so arranged as to record the direction of running of the ships engines or to indicatethat the engines were stopped.

In accordance with a practical .en1bodi ment of .my invention, I provide semaphore arms carried by the mast head andfthese semaphore arms carry electric lamps preferably in the form of tubes extending substantially the length of the semaphore arm's. Indirect connection with the rudder post I provide mechanism which, as the rudder moves to port or starboard operates to raise a corresponding semaphore arm and when desired to light the lamp therein.

Means are also provided as aforesaid for indicating in the wheel house or "in any other convenient situation, what course the ship taking and these means conveniently take the form of electro-mechanical indicators by day and electric lamps night. Suitable change-over switches are provided for bringing either the electro-n1echanical indicator or the lamps into operation.

Means are also provid d forenabling the ignal g pp a t be per ecl u nu l y. and independently of the rudder if desired.

The semaphores may beactuated by fluid Pr sure or y e ct i al, means the former case an automaticfluid pressure control valve is associated with the rudder ost and admits fluid pressure to one of two sema-' Fig. 2 is another diagrammatic view show-- ing therudder post in plan and the fluid pressure valves in sectional plan the means employed for operating thev semaphores by fluid pressure being also clearly shown.

Fig. 3 illustrates a modification in the recording device.

Fig. tis a viewto an enlarged scale and shows the arrangement of a lamp in a semaphore and means for lighting the lamp when the said semaphore is raised.

Fig. 5 shows how the semaphore arms may be operated by electrical means.

Fig. 6 is an electrical diagram showing the electrical connections to the indicating lamps in the arrangement wherein the raising of a semaphore is effected by means of fluid pressure devices.

V Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 but illus-' trates a modified arrangement.

Fig.8 is an electrical diagram illustrating the operation of the semaphores by electrical means and embodying the indicating de vice shown in Fig. 9.

Fig. 9 is a cross sectional view of an indicating device adapted to give visible, indications in the wheelhouse or other situation;

Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the arrangement for insuring a record of the condition of running of the ships engines, and Fig. 11 is a view of a minor detail for use witha modification of this arrange ment. f 3

Referring to these drawings, and particularly to Figs. 1 and 2 thereof, the numeral 1 designates the rudder post which carries the spindle 2 from which all the recording and controlling mechanism is operated.

Dealing first with the recording device.

- This is operated bya screw 8 upon the dle 2, upon which screw the nut 4 is caused to travel byreason of the rotary motion :Of the rudder post 1. The nut 45 is furnished with an arm 5, the end 6 of which engages a slot 7 in the standard 8 thereby preventing the nut from rotating with the spindle2 and constraining it to move onlyrin a vertical direction. To this arm 5 is attached a rod .9 adjustable forheight by means of nuts. 10

thech'art. It will be understood that this arrangement of levers constitutes a multiplying gear whereby the slight vertical movement of the nut a is translated into a motion of sufficient amplitude to be clearly recorded on the chart 18. The chart is graduated vertically in degrees and horizontally in time units and the drum on which it is rotated revolves at a uniform rate and in a fixed period of time so that the position of the rudder at any particular time is clearly recorded by the pencil 21.

Fig. 3 shows a modification of the record ing device. andprovidesfor a straight line motlon of the pencil over the chart in a vertical direction. In this arrangement the recording lever 15, is as before pivoted at 16 to the standard 17. Its. short arm takes the form of a rod 22 upon which an adjustable clamp23 is .fiXed by a set screw 24:. To this clamp 23 the link 14 is pivoted at 25. By means of this clamp the amplitude of swing of the lever may be adjusted to the chart. The long arm of the lever 15 is provided with a pin 26 which engages a slot 27 in the vertically slidable bar 28. This bar slides in suitable guides in the fixed bracket 29 and is provided with a clamping screw 30 for holding the pencil or equivalent 21. By this device the swinging motion of the lever l5is converted into a straight line motion for the pencil and the chart 18 is graduated accordingly.

If a long record he desired, two chart rollers may be employed and the chart rolled off one and on to the other, allowance being made in the chart for the varying diameter of the rollers- The differential fluid pressure valve 31 is also operated from the spindle 2. and its function is to raise either of the semaphores32 and 33 to the on positionbut not both together- 01 to permit both to fall to the ca when the vessel is making a straight course.

The differential valve comprises two valve pistons 84:, 35 working in cylinders 36, 37 respectively and operating alternately to open or close the ports 38, 39 in communication therewith, the port 38 being opened as the port 39 is closed and vice versa. Steam,

compressed air, or other suitable fluid under pressure is supplied through the pipe 40 to thepressure chest 41 which {is common to Eboth ylindens While-thoexhmust eseapes hy may not" the connmn exhaust aches!) &2 and exhaust pipe 43.. :Ptpes M :and 415 communicating.with the ports 38, 39 lead nespeo timely-to the. hand valves d6, 42? which are conneoted Pby pipes 48., 49 {to the operating cylinders .50., 5101f the semznphoresq32, 33.. The valve :pistonsslt, are innnished with piston rods 52 which are coupled by nonnect-ingunds 553,1;0. opposite extremities of the nookingelever :54 mounted 1011 the spindle 2.. By this means the valve pistons are constrained whenever the rudder moves to travel in opposite -zdireetions, thereby :tendingito open 1011B :DifRth-B ports 38, .39 to the pressure iehest :and slose it to the exhaust while the zoflherport is closed to the ;pressure ehest and open to theenhaust. In practice a negative hip is vgiiven to. the valve. pistons as shown in Fig.2, so that in the normal or straight. ahead position both pontsES, :39 are in communication with. the exhaust chest.

Neglecting, for :the moment, :the presence of .the hand-operated valves d6, 4c.7',:-. xv?lnch function :nrde'pendently of the difierentizul valive :31,--oonsider the. rudder post 1 and with it spindle 2 to :be moved to starboard. lBy nenso'n of the motion Off the nodkiznignlever .54 the starboard value piston 34 will the caused to dim-Mel to the left Fig. 2, thereby first closing the port 38 to .the Lexhamstchest land thentopeningwit .to the pnessmre chest 41, while the port vailvepiston P315 will unerely further uneoner :the Jport 39 to; the exhaust. Under these circunt. Sta-noes the starboard semaphore. B2 is at onee raised :to dihe Finn position, where themains until .Pthe rudder again returns to the normal position, when the :fiuid contained in the-operating cylinder is free to exhaust and letrthe :semwp'hone drop. a

The semaphoneeoperating mechanism is arranged as fUHOWSITEiLC/h of the operating cylinders 56), 51 hasa trunk piston :55 which is .eouipled thy a connecting red 5516 to one end of the rocking lever 15'? rpiaioted at to the frame'plate 59 which is nttaohed any-con venient manner :to :theships meet or in any other convenient Sll'zHBJl-IQIL' An adjustable link 60 couples the other; .end of the" rocking lever 57 to a suitably oorresponding pointlon the semaphoreoounterhzdanoe weight :61. IA

Step 6.2 on the :frame plate lies in the path of the .counterbalanee weight .6 1 so lim-- its the upward travel of the semaphore.-

The manually operable wallves 46,47aienormally @inoperativqthe fluid passing freelythrough :them, filo-utmayjhe used the steersman for signalingwpurposes when he "is about to change the shipscourse. -When it is desired to raise asemaphore independently of the rudder JMOVEIDBD'O the corresponding varlnel'is operated by means of hand lever 63 to close the passage the difienentiall velve :31 and make communication with the SQUBQQWQZE fin-id ipressune supply'. a

Eachihand valve emit-prises" tour chant ahers,.-=6d,'6'5., 66 sand 67 arranged in. llhe chambers Stand .65 are arnra-mg edkone ahoue the =other and communication between them is established by opening the :valne 68. Ilheehambers 166 and 67 ave placed in siminelation Land communicate with each other by way 0f the-valve 69. "Chambers mu 166 are connected h'yltheduct Springs 571 and 72 res-peetively tend normally to keep the Will-V 68 and .69 upon their seats, but the value -68 is normally held open against the influence of its spring "7l'by the hand lever 63 which by reason of the spring .73 tends to. take up the position shown in thelcaseof the hand valve d6. ln this position. there is a clear passage them the differential valve 3l'throughcthe pipe and avalve 68 to the pipe 48 and operating cylinder :50. The hand lever 63 is "pivoted at 74- to asuita ble bracket .75 or the like so as :tohe eapahileeof operating either of the valves :68569 alternately.

The hand Valve at? is shown with the hand lever-depressed in opposition to the spring73 infxvhich position it perrnitsgthe value 68 to closethereby cutting ofi' eommun-icat'ion :hetween the cylinder '51 and the pipe tfi while the valve 69 is opened. The pipe T6 connects the chamber 67' to the source of fluid pressure supply andwhen the valve 69 is opened the ftuid passes into the chamber 66 and thence hy th'e duct 70 to the :ohamher '65 whence-it proceeds by Way of the pipe 4 9 to the cylinder 51 and there operates {to raise the semaphore arm which is iillustrzttec'l in the raised position. It will he -observed that as soon as the hand lever 63' islpermitted to return to its normal position it, Willopen the valve 68 and permit the valve 69 to close. The cylinder tion and may-conveniently be located upon the upper end of the spindle 2. The arrangement o f -th-is switch will hereinafter be fully described in relation to the diagrams Figs. 6, 7 and 8'. V

In some'eases the semaphore arms may themselves when raised complete the circuits for their associated si 'nal lamps and such an arrangement is illustrated in Fig. fl. Tubular lamps. 7 9- pref-era*l )ly colored to distine'lectrical ened be slid along bodily so as to permit withdrawal of the lamp 7 9. This obviates the necessity for completely removing the clamp when renewing the lamp.

A resilient leaf 85 is anchored to an insu-' lating block 86 fixed upon the .frame plate 59 and carries at its free end the switch knife 87 which is adapted to'connect the two switch poles 88 and 89 when the said leaf is raised. The'two switch poles 88 and89 are mounted in an insulating block 90 and the knife 87 is pivoted at 91 so that it can seat snugly between the prongs 88, 89 and make good electrical'contact. The resilient leaf 85 is raised by a cam 92 of insulating material mounted on the counterbalance weight 61 in such aposition that it deflects the leaf as soon as the semaphore is raised. The electrical circuit through this switch to the signal lamp is illustrated in Fig. 4; by chain lines. Either flexible connections or slip rings may be employed to convey current from the fixed to the moving members.

Fig.5 illustrates a method of operating the semaphores electrically. A solenoid 93 has an armature 94 which is coupled by a link 95 toa crank 96 fast upon the spindle 97 of the semaphore arm. It'will be seen, that when the solenoid is energized its armature is drawn downward and-the semaphore arm raised accordingly. The arm is .of course provided with counterbalance weight, lamp and if desired with switch mechanism as in the previous example.

In the ships wheelhouse five signal lamps all designated by the numeral 98' are employed and are arranged as shown diagrammatically in Fig. 6. Theselamps and all the associated and corresponding members will hereinafter be collectively referred to by numeral alone and individually distinguished by that numeral together with an appropriate index letter. A centrally disposed whitelamp 98a is alightso long as the ship keeps a straight course. Then however the rudder ismoved to port a red lamp 98;? is lighted while if it be moved to starboard a green lamp 988 is lighted and in either case the central white light 980/. is extinguished. If the rudder be moved harda-port a white lamp 98h is lighted in addition to the red lamp 98p while if it be moved, hard-a-starboard a white lamp 9872.8

will belighted in addition to the green lamp the signal lamp circuits which normally are controlled entirely from the rudder switch 77 This comprises a switch arm 99 carried by and turning with the spindle 2. One end of this arm bears upon a segmental plate 100 connected to one terminal of the source of electrical supply 101 and the other travels over a series of five contacts102. It rests upon the contact 102a, when the ship is traveling straight ahead and'closes circuit through the whitelamp 98a. When, how ever," the rudder is turned to port or starboard the arm 99 passes over on to the contact 102p or 1028 accordingly and lights the red wheelhouse lamp 98p and the red semaphore lamp 7 9p in series with it or the green wheelhouse lamp 988 and the green semaphore lamp 7 98 in series with it. as the case may be Sufficient insulating gap is left between these port and starboard contacts andthe contact 10260 to insure the lamp 980; being extinguished immediately the port or starboard lamps are lighted. Outside the contacts 102;) and 102s lie the contacts 102hp and 10271.8 respectively and through one or other of these circuit is made for one of the white lamps 98hp and 987m whenever the rudder is moved hard over. These contacts are placed so close to the contactslOZp and 102s respectively that the switch, arm 99 bridges two. contacts and makes electrical connection with both at once so that when the rudder is hard-aport a red and a white light are exhibited and when a'hard-a-starboard a green and a white light appear.

Two tapping. keys 103p and 103s are shown in Figs. 6 and 8. When operated they make circuit respectively through the port and starboard lamps, independently of the rudder switch 7 7 and are utilized by the steersman for signaling, prior to changing the vessels course. They may be if desirable coupled with the manually operated fluid pressure .valves A6 and 47. so that operation of one 'ofthe hand levers 63 not only raises the semaphore arm but also lights the lamp therein. Of'course this coupling need only be employed at times when unlighted igeemaee such a manner that the switchlOetp is Switch 1048 is adapted simultaneously to make circuit throu h the wheelhoi'ise lamp 988 and through he semaphore lam 798-. A- switch 1 05, however, permits the semaphore-laanpstohe eut o'u't when not required however; it: 'be' not desired toprovidefor switching on the semaphore humps they-may simply be respectively 'c'onneeted series with. their corresponding wheeihouse lamps endwith theswiteh-esroe. The haird over lamps are as in F i'g. 6' controlled by theme der' switch 7 I 8 shows: th eleotrimtl circuits em ployed' when the semaphores a-re*-o'pei 'ztted electrically amlwlso the application of an indicating device whi'elr is further illustmted' iirFig. 9. This indieatonis located inn the wheelhonse or" other sttiitwhle situ ation', and is adapted to: exhibit either colored lamps as inthe foregoing exainples or 001" provided for changin-g'over from one form of indicator to the other;

As befoize theinnniersi 98 esigna'tes the Wheelhouse lamps and the nti'nterav-h-79 the semaphore lampst 7110 each oil? the return lines iirom' the lamps {98 iseoirnect'e'd 107 one terminal oi the disk epemtingmeignet 108 associated with than lampi 'lhe meltiple switch: 106;. is for the urpese: oi clear illustration, depicted. as a setof linked-tied Way switches: adapted by one operation of the coupling link 1109 to cOn' llfifiitll thelaiinps 98 on all: the magnets 108 to their nespeetite contacts on the rndderswitchl'fi. Theglamp's are all connected to contacts-1 1110 and the: magnets to contents 1111; From the points 10 1 and: 1078' respectively; 'pafra lleli oincnits proceed through the semaphore: operating: solenoids 98p andrQS'send unite zvgainl at the point-112 Where they join the retu-mr of the source of: eleotrica l supply 101. It will: be" seen" item: the. diagram that izrrespectiwevof. whether the. lamps or the disks are: in lise'i n theindicators the semaphore solenoids will: be energized: from the rudden switehi 'Z'Z whenever its arm 99 comes: over the poet or starboard contacts. The semaphoneylamps 79in zvnd'ZSs; howet er, are: on sepamite oi'r cnits from the rest of the indicatingtgdevices and have each a separate Contact 1:18p mid 1138 onithezmulti pler switch 1:06 lVhen the:

latter isthrown' overtwbning: thewheelholise lamps into tOtlGI1, th6 SWll16h8S='IOGW'SDHd 1168' conneot the two semaphore lamps eaoh. in panallel with its corresponding 'wheelhouse lamp, as showni in: the diagrami butwhenzt'he: disk magnets are. ln--l1S65thB semaphore lampsareou't out; Switohes 104. aotuatedby the semaphores in-the manner above described are included in the sema/phoreslmnp circuits tttpping' keys-1 03* for signaling; are connectedto the port acn'd starboard cir'euits as shown! 'l liese keys operate firstly to raisethe-s lem aphores; and secondly, either to lightthe lempsor to operate the disks, according te th position ef the multiple switch 106.-

A- convenient construction for, the indicater is showir Fig. 9'. A casing 114 is provided with an upper row oat" ori lices 115 tll let lg'li wl-iieli-thedisks 116 he exliihit ed and a lower row 117 through which the lamps- 9S ztre=visihle-, themultipleswitch 1-06 beii rg" housed inwzvn inner casing 118 een= trellyxvnd loi'igitudinailly disposed in the cas mg ire-between the ro'W-so'f lamps and disks.

7 Eeeh ot t-hemagnetS-MS issupported on a suitehle-braeket 1 19 fixed to the wall of the casing 1 14c" and; is furnished with an armature 120 enrriecl on eneamn of a leverlQl pivoted at 122 The other xi-m o'l this lever is conneeted by a link 123 to one end of a second sus 'aencleet from its other end, thedi'sk 116; Ann adjustable eounterbstleinee Weight 126 tends normally to keep the" several members inthe' positions shown so that the disk is not visible throi'igl'r the orifice 1'15 unless-the magnetiOS be enengiged Thela'mps 98 are earned in holders 1270i? any suitable pat-- The multiple switch 106'- preferably cornprises, an insulating" d rnn r 128 keyed upon it rotatable spindle 129 jonriia'led in 131161720118 ofi the casing; This drn-nr is provided with. zit set of segmentttlmetallie contact-5 plat-es 1 30 upon Whichthespring contacts 110-; 11 1: and 1 3 1: are adapted to press: The contacts 131 sure-each connected to line through their respective contacts on" the rudder switch 77, the contacts 110 and 1 1 1 are conneeted: with the la'i'nps 98 and the magnets 1 08 respee tixvelly, as in'c'lioa ted: by chain lines in Fig; 9'. By riotatii i gthe drum 128 through a right angle the connectiorisaa e changed over from lamps to magnets or vice versa As in the case of the eoup'linglink 109 referred to in relation to1Fi g."S,s0 in the case 0% the drum 128, five intliw' id nttl switches 1 06 are si ln'u k taneous'l y opomt'ed byit. Two: of these switches 106 p and 10619 may be furnished with the: additional spring contacts 113 for the purposes hereinbefore described; andthese contacts ere illustrated by ClOttEICll-llllGS iii-Fig: 9i i p Referring to-Eigse 10 mm} 1 1 the numeral 152 desi notes the Weigh shaft 0 1:" the en vgi l-1ewhich is of course OPQIRIllCl to control the clir'eetion of running ofthe engines. By means of it link 133: this Weigh shaft is eon mated: to the plnngei" 134; ofvalve the casingrofi WhlClliS eonnectecl by the pipe 135- With the oasin'groii. the intermediate oylinder 016 a" triy le: expansion engineor the low pressure cy inder off whom-pound engine; The essential features of the invention will be lever pivoted M and carrying, freely I best understood'from a description of the Operation of the invention which is as follows: When the engines are started the direction of running is, as aforesaid,- controlled in the usual way by the weigh shaft 132 and according to the direction in which this is turned the plunger 134, is either raised or lowered and steam from the, casing of the intermediate cylinder flows through the pipe 135 to one or other of the pipes 136 and 137. V I

If the enginesare set to run astern the steam flows through the pipe 136 to the cylinder 138 causing the piston 139 to rise and an electrical circuit is completed through the contacts 140 and 141 against the influence of the spring 142. The electro-magnet 143 in the electrical circuit is energized and attracts its pivoted armature 144 with the result that the pencil or equivalent 145 is caused to make contact with the chart against the influence of the spring 146.-

This position is shown in the drawings. Now a second magnet 147 is preferably provided in a circuit in parallel with the circuit containing the magnet 143 and this magnet has a pivoted armature 148 upon one end of which a pencil 149 or equivalent is carried. This pencil is normally kept in contact with the chart by a spring indicated. at 150, and the arrangement is suchthat this pencil is always in contact while the engines are running ahead. That is to say when the engines are running ahead steam from the engine casing flows to the cylinder. 151 causing the piston 152 to rise and break thecircuit by separating the contacts 153 and 154. If however the engines are stopped or run astern the spring 155 causes the contacts 153 and 154 to come together and complete a circuit through the magnet 147 and this magnet being thus energized attracts the armature 148, and the ahead pencil is thus moved out of contact with the chart. The chart therefore has recorded upon it whether the engines are going either ahead or astern and if the engines are not running this will be negatively indicated by the fact that neither the ahead nor astern pencils will be in contact with the chart but the pencil recording the movements of the rudder will still be making its record.

When the plunger 184 is moving from one position to another or in mid position any steam above or below it will exhaust from the ends of the cylinder through the vents 156 and 157 provided for this purpose. If it is only desired to indicate upon the chart the fact that. the engines are going astern and no indication is required of when the engines were running ahead or were sta tionary, it will only be necessary to provide the astern magnet and the weigh shaft will then be coupled to a valve such as and the bore 160 of thebarrel 161 to causethe completing of the circuit through the astern magnet'. however set to run ahead the operation of the weigh shaft would cause the barrel 161 of the Valve to be turned so that the passage from the engine casing would be closed. The barrel 161 is provided with a' radial bore 162 communicating withthe bore 160 and the valve casing 159 has a radial bore 163. When the barrel is turned to shut oil steam from the engine casing-the astern contact or cylinder is free by exhaust to atmosphere by way of the bore 158, bore 162, bore 160, and bore 163. It will be understood that although the arrangement shown in Figs. 10 and 11' is described particularly in relation to the recording device hereinbe fore described, it can be applied to any device where themovements of a ships rudder are recorded upon a chart.

. What I claim and desire to ters Patent is g 1. In apparatus for recording'and signaling the course steered by a ship, a chart,

secure by Letmeans for moving said chart at a predetermined speed, semaphore signal arms, lamps associated wlth the semaphore arms and adapted to become illuminated automati cally when said semaphore arms are raised, a. marker associated with the chart and means carried by the rudder post for transmitting the movements of the rudder to the semaphore arms and the marker whereby the movements of the rudder are signaled by the semaphore arms and lamps and recorded upon the chart.

.2. In apparatus forv recording and signaling the course steered by a ship, a chart, means for moving said chart at a predetermined speed, semaphores, means controlled directly by the rudder post movement for operating said semaphores, means whereby said semaphores can be manually operated independently of the rudder movement, semaphore signal arms, a marker associated with the chart and means carried by the rudder post for transmitting the movements of the rudder to the semaphore arms and the marker whereby "the movements of the rudder are signaled by the semaphore arms and-recorded upon thechart.

3. Apparatus for signaling and recording the course steered by a ship comprising semaphores, electric lamps associated with said When the engines are semaphores, means whereby the raising of said semaphores complete circuit to illuminate sald lamps, means controlled by the rudder movement for operating said semaphores, a chart, moving at a definite speed, a marker cooperating with said chart, means controlled by the rudder movement for moving said marker to record the rudder movements upon said chart substantially as specified.

- 4. In apparatus for recording and signaling the course steered by a ship, semaphores,

means controlled by a rudder for operating said semaphores, a uniformly moving record sheet, a marker cooperating With said chart, means controlled by the steering mechanism for moving said marker, a series of direction indicating lights, a series of electrically operated signals, and means controlled by the rudder for directing the current through said signals and lights independently.

5. In apparatus for recording and signaling the course steered by a ship, semaphores, means for operating the semaphores, a chart, a marker in cooperation therewith, means controlled by a rudder for moving said marker, a series of direction indicating lights and electrically operated signals,

RODOLPH STUART ONEIL Witnesses:

A. P. COLLIER, A. A. THORNTON, 

